COM (communication port[1]) is the original, yet still common, name of the serial port interface on PC-compatible computers. It can refer not only to physical ports, but also to emulated ports, such as ports created by Bluetooth or USB adapters.
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History[edit]
Most PC-compatible computers in the 1980s and 1990s had one or two COM ports. by 2007, most computers shipped with one or no physical COM ports. Today few consumer-grade PC-compatible computers include COM ports,[2] though some of them do still include a COM header on the motherboard.[3]
After the RS-232 COM port was removed from most consumer-grade computers, an external USB-to-UART serial adapter cable was used to compensate for the loss. A major supplier of these chips is FTDI.[citation needed]
I/O addresses[edit]
The COM ports are interfaced by an integrated circuit such as 16550 UART. This IC has seven internal 8-bit registers which hold information and configuration data about which data is to be sent or was received, the baud rate, interrupt configuration and more. In the case of COM1, these registers can be accessed by writing to or reading from the I/O addresses 0x3F8 to 0x3FF.
https://goto-torrent.mystrikingly.com/blog/serial-box-12-2014-download-free. If the CPU, for example, wants to send information out on COM1, it writes to I/O port 0x3F8, as this I/O port is 'connected' to the UART IC register which holds the information that is to be sent out.
The COM ports in PC-compatible computers are typically defined as:
- COM1: I/O port 0x3F8, IRQ 4
- COM2: I/O port 0x2F8, IRQ 3
- COM3: I/O port 0x3E8, IRQ 4
- COM4: I/O port 0x2E8, IRQ 3
Uses[edit]
Compressor 4 4 6. USB to RS-232 adapter with one 9-pin COM port (FTDI US-232R)
PCI-E card with one 9-pin COM port
PCI card with two 9-pin COM ports
ISA card with one 25-pin COM port
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'Configuring a communication port'. IBM Lotus Domino and Notes Information Center. August 14, 2008. Archived from the original on 17 September 2013.
- ^'Serial port'. Retrieved 2020-09-14.
- ^'Motherboard Port Guide: Solving Your Connector Mystery'. Retrieved 2020-09-14.
Further reading[edit]
- Serial Port Complete: COM Ports, USB Virtual COM Ports, and Ports for Embedded Systems; 2nd Edition; Jan Axelson; Lakeview Research; 380 pages; 2007; ISBN978-1-931-44806-2.
External links[edit]
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to RS-232 and DE-9 connectors. |
- Java Simple Serial Connector - library for work with serial ports from Java. Support Windows: Win98-Win8(32-bit and 64-bit), Linux(x86, x86-64, ARM(soft and hard float)), Mac OS X: 10.5-10.8(x86, x86-64, PPC and PPC64), Solaris OS(x86, x86-64).
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Contact-IDContact ID reporting, using DTMF (Dual-tone multi-frequency) or 'Touch-tone' is one of the fastest of all the communication formats. https://detective-soft.mystrikingly.com/blog/apple-reinstall-os-x. It consists of a 1-digit (alphabetic) event qualifier, a 3-digit (numeric) event code, a 2-digit (numeric) partition or area and a 3-digit (numeric) zone or user code. Developed by Ademco, Contact ID has become one of the most popular transmission formats available. Due to its consistent standardization, Contact ID has become the most stable of the standardized formats as well.
Ademco High-SpeedThis high-speed format was designed by Ademco using DTMF tones to send a string of 4-digit account numbers, 8-digit messages (each digit representing a separate channel) and a 1-digit Channel Status code. All high-speed messages can be represented as 2-digit alarm conditions and are entered in the condition as such.
Modem IIe & Model IIIa2This format was named for the Modulation and DeModulation means of data transmission (similar to modems found in computers). Originally developed and promoted as a 'standardized' format by Radionics/Omega (now Bosch/Radionics), Modem format has evolved over the years into a couple of different formats, including ModemII, ModemIIe and ModemIIIa2. Earlier Modem formats send a 1-digit event code (alphabetic) and 1, 2 or 3-digit zone or point (numeric). Later variations send a 1 or 2-digit code (alphabetic) and 1, 2 or 3-digit zone (numeric), plus a 1 or 2-digit partition or area (numeric).
SIATranslate 1 2 3 to english. Originally proposed and developed by the Security Industry Association (SIA) to address the issue of creating a 'standardized' format that could be shared throughout the industry for both alarm transmission and host automation communications, this format encompasses a few variants. SIA8, SIA20 and SIA2000 are the most common SIA formats, each sending a 2-digit event code (alphabetic) and a 3-digit zone (numeric). Later versions of SIA can also send a 1-digit partition or area (numeric), as well as a 2-digit 'modifier' code (alphabetic), making it one of the most complex transmission formats used today.
BFSKBinary Frequency Shift Keying (BFSK), which is primarily used by Bosch/Radionics/Omega, uses binary code to transmit an alarm signal. It is either a 3 or 4-digit account number, a 1 or 2-digit event code (alphabetic) and either a 1, 2 or 3-digit zone (numeric).
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This format is similar in transmission means as BFSK, but has no standardized event codes. This transmission format most commonly use a 4/2(4+2), 4/1(4+1) or 3/1(3+1) combination of account number and zone or alarm code.
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Standard 3/1 & 4/2- Pulse:By far the oldest format for alarm transmission still commonly used, pulse has been around since the beginning of automated alarm systems. This format uses 'pulses' to relay its alarm information. These pulses are similar to rotary phone dialing. Pulse sends 9 'pulses' or 'clicks' to represent the numeral 9 and ten 'pulses' to indicate '0' and so on. There are different speeds at which the 'pulses' can be sent and are commonly referred to as 10 pps (slowest – 10 pulses per second), 20 pps and 40 pps (fastest).
- Pulse 3/1:This format sends a 3-digit account number and a 1-digit condition or event.
- Pulse 4/2:This format uses 'pulses' as well, requires a 4-digit account number and sends a 2-digit alarm code.
These Digital Monitoring Products' proprietary formats are very similar as each uses a 'fixed' character position that relays the zone event, zone number, zone type and zone name. These formats also use a unique method of transmission, using multiple audio frequencies similar to a fax machine.
I.T.I.This is a proprietary format created by I.T.I. Infoclick 1 2 5 hydrocortisone cream. (now G.E.) now only available on older products. EMERgency24, however, still accepts this format, as well as many others that are not listed.
